What does the term "testimony" refer to?

The term "testimony" specifically refers to evidence that is provided by a witness who gives their account of what they know or have observed, all under oath. This means that the witness is legally obligated to tell the truth, and their statements can be held accountable in a court of law or legal proceeding. Testimony is a fundamental aspect of the judicial system, as it helps establish facts and clarify situations based on firsthand knowledge. This distinction is significant because it underscores the reliability and authority of the information provided, in contrast to other types of evidence, such as hearsay or unconfirmed reports, which may lack the same level of credibility or verifiability.